Zephyr building blocks
From Wiki at Neela Nurseries
2021-08-05 Thursday
- OVERVIEW -
Zephyr RTOS explorations and building blocks
Contents
^ USART references
"Hello world" example build command:
west build -b circuitdojo_feather_nrf9160ns samples/hello_world -p
Programming command:
newtmgr -c serial image upload build/zephyr/app_update.bin
^ LIS2DH example project build errors
Build errors when attempting to compile LIS2DH sensor example with circuitdojo board as target board:
[192/197] Linking C executable zephyr/zephyr_prebuilt.elf
Memory region Used Size Region Size %age Used
FLASH: 32 KB 48 KB 66.67%
SRAM: 5520 B 64 KB 8.42%
IDT_LIST: 40 B 2 KB 1.95%
[197/197] Linking C executable zephyr/zephyr.elf
[24/159] Building C object CMakeFiles/app.dir/src/main.c.obj
FAILED: CMakeFiles/app.dir/src/main.c.obj
ccache /opt/zephyr-sdk-0.12.4/arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/arm-zephyr-eabi-gcc -DBUILD_VERSION=v2.4.0-ncs2 -DEXT_API_MAGIC=0x281ee6de,0xb845acea,23298 -DFIRMWARE_INFO_MAGIC=0x281ee6de,0x8fcebb4c,23298 -DKERNEL -DNRF9160_XXAA -DNRF_TRUSTZONE_NONSECURE -DUSE_PARTITION_MANAGER=1 -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -D__PROGRAM_START -D__ZEPHYR__=1 -I/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include -Izephyr/include/generated -I/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/soc/arm/nordic_nrf/nrf91 -I/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/nrf/include -I/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/modules/hal/cmsis/CMSIS/Core/Include -I/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/modules/hal/nordic/nrfx -I/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/modules/hal/nordic/nrfx/drivers/include -I/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/modules/hal/nordic/nrfx/mdk -I/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/modules/hal/nordic/. -isystem /home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/lib/libc/minimal/include -isystem /opt/zephyr-sdk-0.12.4/arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-zephyr-eabi/10.2.0/include -isystem /opt/zephyr-sdk-0.12.4/arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-zephyr-eabi/10.2.0/include-fixed -Os -imacros /home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/build/zephyr/include/generated/autoconf.h -ffreestanding -fno-common -g -mcpu=cortex-m33 -mthumb -mabi=aapcs -imacros /home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/toolchain/zephyr_stdint.h -Wall -Wformat -Wformat-security -Wno-format-zero-length -Wno-main -Wno-pointer-sign -Wpointer-arith -Wno-address-of-packed-member -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Werror=implicit-int -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -fno-pie -fno-pic -fno-strict-overflow -fno-reorder-functions -fno-defer-pop -fmacro-prefix-map=/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/samples/sensor/lis2dh=CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR -fmacro-prefix-map=/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr=ZEPHYR_BASE -fmacro-prefix-map=/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1=WEST_TOPDIR -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -std=c99 -nostdinc -MD -MT CMakeFiles/app.dir/src/main.c.obj -MF CMakeFiles/app.dir/src/main.c.obj.d -o CMakeFiles/app.dir/src/main.c.obj -c /home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/samples/sensor/lis2dh/src/main.c
In file included from /home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/arch/arm/aarch32/arch.h:20,
from /home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/arch/cpu.h:19,
from /home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/kernel_includes.h:38,
from /home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/kernel.h:17,
from /home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/zephyr.h:18,
from /home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/samples/sensor/lis2dh/src/main.c:8:
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/samples/sensor/lis2dh/src/main.c: In function 'main':
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/devicetree.h:297:40: error: 'DT_N_INST_0_st_lis2dh_P_label' undeclared (first use in this function)
297 | #define DT_INST(inst, compat) UTIL_CAT(DT_N_INST, DT_DASH(inst, compat))
| ^~~~~~~~~
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/devicetree.h:1911:38: note: in definition of macro 'DT_CAT'
1911 | #define DT_CAT(node_id, prop_suffix) node_id##prop_suffix
| ^~~~~~~
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/devicetree.h:496:27: note: in expansion of macro 'DT_PROP'
496 | #define DT_LABEL(node_id) DT_PROP(node_id, label)
| ^~~~~~~
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/samples/sensor/lis2dh/src/main.c:53:51: note: in expansion of macro 'DT_LABEL'
53 | const struct device *sensor = device_get_binding(DT_LABEL(DT_INST(0, st_lis2dh)));
| ^~~~~~~~
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/sys/util_internal.h:105:26: note: in expansion of macro 'UTIL_PRIMITIVE_CAT'
105 | #define UTIL_CAT(a, ...) UTIL_PRIMITIVE_CAT(a, __VA_ARGS__)
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/devicetree.h:297:31: note: in expansion of macro 'UTIL_CAT'
297 | #define DT_INST(inst, compat) UTIL_CAT(DT_N_INST, DT_DASH(inst, compat))
| ^~~~~~~~
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/samples/sensor/lis2dh/src/main.c:53:60: note: in expansion of macro 'DT_INST'
53 | const struct device *sensor = device_get_binding(DT_LABEL(DT_INST(0, st_lis2dh)));
| ^~~~~~~
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/devicetree.h:297:40: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in
297 | #define DT_INST(inst, compat) UTIL_CAT(DT_N_INST, DT_DASH(inst, compat))
| ^~~~~~~~~
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/devicetree.h:1911:38: note: in definition of macro 'DT_CAT'
1911 | #define DT_CAT(node_id, prop_suffix) node_id##prop_suffix
| ^~~~~~~
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/devicetree.h:496:27: note: in expansion of macro 'DT_PROP'
496 | #define DT_LABEL(node_id) DT_PROP(node_id, label)
| ^~~~~~~
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/samples/sensor/lis2dh/src/main.c:53:51: note: in expansion of macro 'DT_LABEL'
53 | const struct device *sensor = device_get_binding(DT_LABEL(DT_INST(0, st_lis2dh)));
| ^~~~~~~~
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/sys/util_internal.h:105:26: note: in expansion of macro 'UTIL_PRIMITIVE_CAT'
105 | #define UTIL_CAT(a, ...) UTIL_PRIMITIVE_CAT(a, __VA_ARGS__)
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/include/devicetree.h:297:31: note: in expansion of macro 'UTIL_CAT'
297 | #define DT_INST(inst, compat) UTIL_CAT(DT_N_INST, DT_DASH(inst, compat))
| ^~~~~~~~
/home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/zephyr/samples/sensor/lis2dh/src/main.c:53:60: note: in expansion of macro 'DT_INST'
53 | const struct device *sensor = device_get_binding(DT_LABEL(DT_INST(0, st_lis2dh)));
| ^~~~~~~
[29/159] Building C object zephyr/CMakeFiles/zephyr.dir/lib/os/onoff.c.obj
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.
FATAL ERROR: command exited with status 1: /usr/bin/cmake --build /home/ted/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1/build
ted@localhost:~/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1$
Search for DT_N_INST:
ted@indulkana:~/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1$ grep -nr 'DT_N_INST[^_]' ./* ./zephyr/include/devicetree.h:297:#define DT_INST(inst, compat) UTIL_CAT(DT_N_INST, DT_DASH(inst, compat)) ./zephyr/include/devicetree.h:1245: UTIL_CAT(DT_N_INST, DT_DASH(compat, NUM_OKAY)))
^ LIS2DH example code
ted@localhost:~/projects/embedded/ncs/v1.4.1$ grep -nr st_lis2dh ./* ./zephyr/drivers/sensor/lis2dh/lis2dh_spi.c:11:#define DT_DRV_COMPAT st_lis2dh ./zephyr/drivers/sensor/lis2dh/lis2dh_i2c.c:11:#define DT_DRV_COMPAT st_lis2dh ./zephyr/drivers/sensor/lis2dh/lis2dh_trigger.c:7:#define DT_DRV_COMPAT st_lis2dh ./zephyr/drivers/sensor/lis2dh/lis2dh.c:7:#define DT_DRV_COMPAT st_lis2dh ./zephyr/samples/shields/x_nucleo_iks01a2/src/main.c:22: const struct device *lsm303agr_a = device_get_binding(DT_LABEL(DT_INST(0, st_lis2dh))); ./zephyr/samples/sensor/lsm303dlhc/src/main.c:42: DT_LABEL(DT_INST(0, st_lis2dh))); ./zephyr/samples/sensor/lsm303dlhc/src/main.c:48: DT_LABEL(DT_INST(0, st_lis2dh))); Binary file ./zephyr/samples/sensor/lis2dh/src/.main.c.swp matches ./zephyr/samples/sensor/lis2dh/src/main.c:53: const struct device *sensor = device_get_binding(DT_LABEL(DT_INST(0, st_lis2dh))); ./zephyr/samples/sensor/lis2dh/src/main.c:57: DT_LABEL(DT_INST(0, st_lis2dh)));
^ Setting Up Revisit
This link from Zephyr's documentation home page / home site a good and detailed overview of the Zephyr RTOS project:
Detailed steps to install Zephyr's needed build tools and Zephyr SDK:
^ References Related and Supporting
./zephyr/doc/guides/dts/howtos.rst:710: #define I2C_DEV_INST DT_INST(0, vnd_i2c_device) ./zephyr/doc/guides/dts/howtos.rst:735: #define SPI_DEV_INST DT_INST(0, vnd_spi_device) # nRF91 Series > nRF9160 > Production Programming > Updating the modem # https://developer.arm.com/ip-products/processors/cortex-m/cortex-m33
